March 29, 2023

CIPL-TLS Discussion Paper II: Data Localization and Government Access to Data Stored Abroad

In this paper, TLS explores one rationale that some proponents of localization have advanced: that localization will insulate companies from foreign governments’ ability to legally compel access to their data.

We examine not only the legal framework in the United States (U.S.), but also those of other countries, and conclude that legal systems, in general, provide avenues for governments to require companies to respond to data requests, even if data is localized in a different country, and that localization will therefore be ineffective at insulating data from cross-border reach. We begin with a brief (and simplified) overview of applicable U.S. legal principles for law enforcement access to data stored abroad, and then review how other legal frameworks address cross-border data access.

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